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Home / About / About Problematic Sexual Behaviors (PSB) / Problematic Sexual Behaviors (PSB) Impacting Another Child in the Family
This guidance is designed for parents and caregivers of children whose PSB impact another child in the family. Doesn’t sound like your family’s situation? You can learn about PSB generally here or view our other tailored guidance here.
Sometimes, children engage in PSB with children in their family. This can include biological siblings, foster or step-siblings, cousins, or nieces/nephews. This form of PSB is often called “sibling sexual abuse.” In these cases, all family members are affected. It is important to consider the needs of everyone in the family.
For children, PSB are not always related to sexual stimulation. Often, children who exhibit PSB do so out of curiosity, anxiety, lack of accurate information about their bodies, as part of self-calming or attention-seeking strategies, or imitation. Imitation may stem from exposure to mature adult sexual behaviors.
Additionally, research shows that many of these behaviors can come from trauma. A majority of children with PSB have experienced physical, sexual, and/or emotional abuse. Many others have been exposed to domestic or community violence. 1 Other risk factors include inadequate family boundaries around sexuality and nudity, as well as early exposure to pornography. 2
The steps below can help guide you through this discovery and what to do next.
When you learn that your child has engaged in sibling sexual abuse, you may experience many different emotions. Feeling anger, shame, guilt, disappointment, confusion, or distress is common and normal. You might feel torn between supporting the child that has been harmed and the child that has caused harm.
When PSB involve another child in your family, it is important to focus on everyone’s safety.
The answers to these questions can help you figure out how to move forward. If you don’t feel comfortable asking these questions, don’t worry. A therapist can help better understand the root causes of your child’s PSB and assess their safety.
These situations are complex and may require interventions from various professionals.
If a child shares that they were sexually abused, you can contact DCF (Department of Children and Families) or your local Child Advocacy Center for help. If the disclosure happens after business hours, you can contact the DCF hotline at 800-792-5200, or your local law enforcement agency.
There are resources that can help guide you and your family through this challenging time.
If your child needs therapy:
PSB-specific therapeutic treatment is highly effective in helping children overcome their problematic sexual behaviors. To find local PSB treatment providers, visit the MASOC Resource Directory.
For help selecting a therapist who can address sibling sexual abuse, you can read these Tips for Choosing a Therapist to Treat Harmful Sibling Dynamics.
Your child’s wellbeing depends on your wellbeing. Parental support is one of the most important factors in children overcoming PSB. The following resources can help you find services that can support YOU during these difficult times:
In Massachusetts, some child-serving professionals, called mandated reporters, are legally required to report to the state when they have reasonable cause to believe a child is being neglected or abused. This includes allegations of child sexual abuse, regardless of who is believed to have perpetrated the abuse. This means the mandated reporter will contact the Department of Children and Families (DCF).
Understanding PSB will help you stay calm and support your child. Here are a few resources that can help:
It also lists other related resources that may be helpful.
While much of the information and resources about problematic sexual behaviors (PSB) are applicable to all children, children with intellectual or developmental disabilities may have unique reasons for engaging in PSB and require unique approaches to treatment. To read tailored guidance on PSB in children with developmental or intellectual disabilities, click here.
A Note for Foster Parents: Foster parents are mandated reporters. This means that if a foster parent (in their professional capacity) becomes aware that a child’s PSB caused harm that would amount to abuse or neglect to another child, the foster parent must file a 51A report of suspected abuse or neglect with the Department of Children and Families (DCF). You can also reach out to your child’s DCF case worker for further guidance, but this does not replace your obligation to report.
1 Children who harm other children by engaging in PSB are often victims of abuse themselves. Research shows that between 20% and 48% of children with PSB have experienced sexual abuse and that between 32% and 48% of children exhibiting PSB have experienced physical abuse. Studies have also highlighted that PSB is more common in children exposed to domestic violence. Allen, B. (2017). Children with sexual behavior problems: Clinical characteristics and relationship to child maltreatment. Child Psychiatry and Human Development 48, 189–199. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-016-0633-8; Silovsky, J., Niec, L., Bard, D., & Hecht, D. (2007). Treatment for preschool children with interpersonal sexual behavior problems: A pilot study. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 36(3), 378–391. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374410701444330 ; Bonner, B. L., Walker, C. E., & Berliner, L. (1999). Children with sexual behavior problems: Assessment and treatment – final report. Grant No. 90-CA-1469. U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Clearinghouse on Child Abuse and Neglect; Silovsky, J. F., & Niec, L. (2002). Characteristics of young children with sexual behavior problems: A pilot study. Child Maltreatment, 7(3), 187–197. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1177/1077559502007003002 ; Friedrich, W. N., Davies, W., Feher, E., & Wright, J. (2003). Sexual behavior problems in preteen children. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 989, 95–104. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07296.x ; Mesman, G., Harper, S., Edge, N., Brandt, T. and Pemberton, J. (2019, May). Problematic sexual behavior in children. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 33(3), 323-331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedhc.2018.11.002.
2 https://www.ncsby.org/sites/default/files/Problematic%20Sexual%20Behavior%20-Protective%20Factors%20and%20Vulnerabilities%20(1).pdf3 Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education. 2023-24 Student Discipline Data Report. https://profiles.doe.mass.edu/statereport/ssdr.aspx
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